Extraordinarily high organic matter (EHOM) deposits often resulted from the coupled sedimentation of global or regional extreme environmental events, such as sea level (lake level) fluctuations, climate change, bottom water anoxia, volcanic activity, and biotic events such as mass extinction or radiation during a certain geological period. Black shales with EHOM content not only provide a prerequisite for massive hydrocarbon generation but also abundant storage space for unconventional hydrocarbon accumulation such as shale gas.